Zirconia beads can be used for ultrafine grinding and dispersion in non-metallic mining, papermaking, heavy calcium carbonate, paints, coatings, inks, electronic materials, lithium-iron batteries, magnetic materials, textile dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Zirconia has excellent high-temperature resistance, with a melting point as high as 270°C. Even when heated to 1900°C, it does not react with molten aluminum, iron, nickel, platinum, silicates, and acidic slag. Therefore, crucibles made of zirconia can successfully smelt platinum, palladium, ruthenium, cesium, and other platinum group precious metals and their alloys.